Oliver Lodge

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Oliver Joseph Lodge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, FRS (June 12, 1851 - August 22, 1940), born at Penkhull ... The Society for Psychical Research holds 2710 letters written to Oliver Lodge. ...
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Lodge
Oliver Lodge was a British physicist and writer, best known for his ... Oliver Joseph Lodge was born on June 12, 1851, at 'The Views' Penkhull, Stoke-on ...
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Oliver Lodge No. 38, A.F. & A.M.
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{{Infobox Celebrity| name = Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge| image = Oliver_Joseph_Lodge.jpg| caption = Vanity Fair cartoon.| birth_date = | birth_place = Penkhull, Staffordshire and [inventor of the [Royal Society in 1898, [Wiltshire-->

Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, Fellow of the Royal Society, (June 12,1851 - August 22, 1940), born at Penkhull in Stoke-on-Trent and educated at Adams' Grammar School, was a physicist and writer involved in the development of the wireless telegraph. Lodge, in his Royal Institution lectures ("The Work of Heinrich Rudolf Hertz and Some of His Successors") coined the term "coherer." He gained the "Tuner" (or tuning) patent from the United States Patent Office in 1898. He was also credited by Hendrik Lorentz (1895)Lorentz, H. A. (1895) "Michelson's Interference Experiment" (reprinted in The Principle of Relativity, Dover, 1952, page 4) with the first published description of the Lorentz contraction hypothesis, in 1893.Lodge, Oliver "Aberration Problems", Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. 184 (1893)

Life Oliver Lodge was the eldest of eight sons and a daughter of Oliver Lodge (1826-1884) - later a china clay merchant at Wolstanton, Staffordshire - and his wife, Grace, née Heath (1826-1879). Sir Oliver's siblings included Sir Richard Lodge (1855-1936), historian; Eleanor Constance Lodge (1869-1936), historian and principal of Westfield College, London; and Alfred Lodge (1854-1937), mathematician.

Lodge obtained a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of London in 1875 and a Doctor of Science in 1877. He was appointed professor of physics and mathematics at University College, Liverpool in 1881. In 1900 Lodge moved from Liverpool back to the Midlands and became the first principal of the new Birmingham University, remaining there until his retirement in 1919, overseeing the start of the move from Edmund Street in the city centre to the present Edgbaston campus. Lodge was awarded the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society in 1898 and was knighted by King Edward VII in 1902.

Lodge was married in 1877. He and his wife had twelve children, six boys and six girls: Oliver W F Lodge (1878 - 1955), Francis Brodie (1880 - 1967), Alexander Lodge (1881 - 1938), Lionel (1883 - 1948), Noel (1885 - 1962), Violet (1888 - 1924), Raymond (1889 - 1915), Honor (1891 - 1979), Lorna (1892 - 1987), Norah (1894 - 1990), Barbara (1896 - 1983), Rosalynde (1896 - 1983). Four of his sons went into business using Lodge's inventions. Brodie and Alec created the Lodge Plug Company, which manufactured spark plugs for cars and aeroplanes. Lionel and Noel founded a company that produced a machine for cleaning factory smoke. Oliver W F Lodge, the eldest son, was a poet and author.

Before he died, Sir Oliver Lodge declared that he would prove the existence of an afterlife by making public appearances to the living after his death. No such appearances have been made. Lodge is buried at St. Michael’s Church, Wilsford, Wiltshire (Lake), Wiltshire.

Accomplishments Lodge is notable for his work on the luminiferous aether, which had been postulated as the wave-bearing medium filling all space. He transmitted radio signals on August 14, 1894 at a meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science at Oxford University,Lodge, Oliver J (1932). This first broadcast demonstration by Lodge was two years before Marconi's first broadcast of 1896. In 1995 the Royal Society recognized this scientific break through at a special ceremony at Oxford University. Past Years: An Autobiography, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, page 231. one year before Guglielmo Marconi but one year after Nikola Tesla. Lodge improved Edouard Branly's coherer radio wave detector by adding a "trembler" which dislodged clumped filings, thus restoring the device's sensitivity. Lodge also carried out scientific investigations on lightning, the source of the electromotive force in the voltaic cell, electrolysis, and the application of electricity to the dispersal of fog and smoke. Lodge, Oliver J (1932).

Lodge also made a major contribution to motoring when he invented electric sparkplug for the internal combustion engine (the Lodge Igniter). Later, two of his sons developed his ideas and in 1903 founded Lodge Bros, which eventually became known as Lodge Plugs Ltd.

Besides inventing the spark plug and wireless, Lodge also invented the moving-coil loudspeaker, the vacuum tube (valve) and the variable tuner.

Lodge was an active member of the Fabian Society and published two Fabian Tracts: Socialism & Individualism (1905) and co-authored Public Service vesus Private Expanditure with Sidney Webb, George Bernard Shaw and Sidney Ball.

In 1889 Lodge was appointed President of the Liverpool Physical Society, a position he held until 1893. The society still runs to this day, though under a student body.

Lodge is also remembered for his studies of life after death. He first began to study psychical phenomena (chiefly telepathy) in the late 1880s. After his son, Raymond, was killed in World War I in 1915, Lodge visited several psychics and wrote about the experience in a number of books, including the best-selling "Raymond, or Life and Death" (1916). Altogether, he wrote more than 40 books, about the afterlife, Aether theories, theory of relativity, and electromagnetic theory.

Historical Records Sir Oliver Lodge's letters and papers were divided after his death. Some were deposited at the University of Birmingham and University of Liverpool and others at the Society for Psychical Research and the University College London. Lodge was long-lived and a prolific letter writer and other letters of his survive in the personal papers of other individuals and several other Universities and other institutions. Among the known collections of his papers are the following:

The University of Birmingham Special Collections holds over 2000 items of Sir Oliver's correspondence relating to family, co-workers at Birmingham and Liverpool Universities and also from numerous religious, political and literary figures. The collection also includes a number of Lodge's diaries, photographs and newscuttings relating to his scientific research and scripts of his published work. There are also an additional 212 letters of Sir Oliver Lodge which have been acquired over the years (1881-1939).

The University of Liverpool holds some notebooks and letters of Oliver Lodge and also has a laboratory named after him, the main administrative centre of the Physics Department where the majority of lecturers and researchers have their offices.

University College London Special Collections hold 1991 items of Sir Oliver Lodge's correspondence between 1871 and 1938.

The Society for Psychical Research holds 2710 letters written to Oliver Lodge.

Devon Records Office holds Lodge's letters to Sir Thomas Acland (1907-1908).

The University of Glasgow Library holds Sir Oliver's letters to William MacNeile Dixon (1900-1938).

The University of St Andrews has twenty-three letters from Sir Oliver to Wilfred Ward (1896-1908).

Trinity College Dublin is custodian of Lodge's correspondence with John Joly.

Imperial College, London Archives hold nineteen letters written from Sir Oliver to his fellow scientist, Silvanus P. Thompson.

The London Science Museum holds an early notebook of Oliver Lodge's dated 1880, correspondence dating from 1894-1913 and a paper on atomic theory.

Publications

Lodge, Oliver Joseph, " Electric Theory of Matter". Harper Magazine. 1904. (Oneill's Electronic Museum)
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, and Paul Tice, "Reason and Belief". Book Tree. February 2000. ISBN 1-58509-226-6
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, "The Work of Hertz and Some of His Successors", 1894
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, "RELATIVITY, A very elementary Exposition", June 11th. 1925 Paperback. Methuen & Co. LTD. London.
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, "Aether theories", Encyclopedia Britannica, Thirteenth Edition (1926).
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, "The Ether of Space". ISBN 1-4021-8302-X (paperback) ISBN 1-4021-1766-3 (hardcover)
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, "Ether and Reality". ISBN 0-7661-7865-X
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, "Phantom Walls".
Lodge, Oliver Joseph, "Past Years: An Autobiography". Charles Scribner's Sons, 1932.

Notes and references

External links

, "Electric Telegraphy" (wireless telegraphy using Heinrich Ruhmkorff or Tesla coil for transmitter and Edouard Branly coherer for detector, the "syntonic" tuning patent) August, 1898. Sold to Marconi in 1912.
" Oliver Joseph Lodge, Sir: 1851 - 1940". Adventures in CyberSound.
Death of Sir Oliver Lodge - Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Vol. 34, pages 435 - 436.
" Sir Oliver Lodge 1851-1940". First Spiritual Temple. 2001.
University of Birmingham Staff Papers: Papers of Sir Oliver Lodge '
The Potteries Museum & Art Gallery, in Stoke-on-Trent, UK, features a display about local hero Oliver Lodge and his pioneering 1907 igniter, forerunner of the spark plug.
A collection of portraits of Sir Oliver Lodge at the National Portrait Gallery, London

Oliver Joseph Lodge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, FRS (June 12, 1851 - August 22, 1940), born at Penkhull in Stoke-on-Trent and educated at Adams' Grammar School, was a physicist and writer involved in the ...

Oliver's Lodge - Hotel accomodation in the Heart of England
Sixteen rooms, all with private bathrooms, a restaurant, real ale bar and several function rooms, together with a garden and patio areas. Two minutes walk from the town centre.

The Oliver Lodge
Built in 1906 the Oliver Lodge and its grounds occupy 5 private acres of shoreline on Lake Winnipesuakee.

Oliver Lodge (1851 - 1940), inventor - Stoke-on-Trent City Council
An introduction to the life and work of inventor Oliver Lodge. ... A portrait of Oliver Lodge. Born in Penkhull, Stoke-on-Trent, Oliver Lodge was a complex mix of scientist ...

Oliver Lodge No. 38, A.F. & A.M.
Meets on the 3rd Thursday, 7:30 PM. Location, announcements, contact and links.

Oliver Lodge No. 38, A.F. & A.M.
Oliver Lodge No. 38 is Freemasonry's home in Nebraska's Fourth of July City! We have been promoting the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of Man in the Seward community for ...

Particle Physics
This link has been replaced: The New HEP web pages can be found at: http://www.liv.ac.uk/physics/hep/index.html. The old pages can still be found here

SC&A: Sir Oliver Lodge papers - University of Liverpool
Summary ... 30 research notebooks and associated correspondence, 1874-1913 of Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, FRS (1851-1940), with published works written or owned by him.

Focus on - Sir Oliver Lodge
focus on..... Sir Oliver Lodge... the celebrated scientist was born at Penkhull, Stoke-on-Trent - he achieved world fame for his pioneering work in radio and was the first man to ...

Oliver Lodge exhibition
May 2000; Oliver Lodge exhibition. A new exhibition in Oxford University Museum, the result of collaboration between the Museum, the Department of Physics, and Keele University ...